it is a condition in which the heart is unable to pump sufficient blood to meet the needs of the body
it can be caused by
impaired ability of the cardiac muscle to contract
an increesed work load imposed on the heart
CHF is accompanied by abnormal increase in blood volume and interstitial fluid
the heart,veins,and capillaries therefore generally dilated with blood.Hence,the term (Congestive) heart failure
Underlying causes of CHF
arteriosclerotic heart disease
dilated cardiomyopathy
congential heart disease
valvular heart disease
left systolic dysfunction secondary to coronary artery disease is the most common cause of CHF
The therapeutic goal for CHF is to increase cardiac output
Three classes of drugs have been shown to be clinically effective in reducing symptoms and prolonging life
Vasodilators: reduce the load on the myocardium
Diuretic agents : decease extracellular fluid volume
Inotropic agents : increase the strength of contraction of
cardiac muscle
these agents
relieve the symptomps of cardiac insufficiency
do not reverse the underlying pathologic condition
Drugs that may preciptate or exacerbate CHF so should be
avoided as possble
non steroidal antiinflammatory drugs
alcohol
B blockers
calcium ghannel blockers
some antiarrythmic drug
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